Team Success: A Mixed Methods Approach to Evaluating Virtual Team Leadership Behaviors

The virtuality of organizational teams have gained interest and popularity in recent years, and have become more prevalent amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Organizational productivity and team relationship-building may suffer certain pitfalls in virtual communication and support without the understanding of the dynamics of short-term, project-based virtual teams. The manuscript aimed to expand what is currently known about short-term virtual team dynamics related to types of effective leadership behaviors. The present study employed a mixed method approach to understanding the dynamics of these teams at both the individual and team level. Small teams were formed and instructed to collaborate on a virtual survival task. Team-related outcomes were measured at the individual level, such as team coordination, team support, and team success. Additionally, distinct latent profiles of leadership behaviors were developed and analyzed at the team level. Team support, more so than team coordination, significantly predicted team success at the individual level, with instrumental support having the strongest effect. Distinct leadership behaviors emerged in teams and were classified through a latent profile analysis, but none of the profiles were significantly related to team performance scores. Demonstrating instrumental support in short-term virtual teams may improve team success. It is important to understand that distinct leadership behaviors exist and future research should explore the impact of these leadership behaviors on other team-related outcomes. © 2023 by the authors.

Instagram as a learning space to introduce virtual technology tools into post-COVID higher education

This chapter examines an innovative learning project in which undergraduate marketing students manage and generate content on an official Instagram profile. The project is designed to provide students with a more active role in the learning process through the application of new virtual technology tools. During the pandemic (course 2020-21), students shared their knowledge about marketing and related topics through storytelling, transmedia, gamification, and virtual/augmented reality via Instagram. The students' perception of the learning outcomes, and their satisfaction, were compared with those of students from three previous courses (2017-20). The findings revealed that students assessed the Instagram activity more highly in the context of the pandemic than in previous years. Interestingly, the students also reported better learning outcomes and improvement in their soft skills and consequently were highly satisfied with the project, which suggests the activity should continue in the future. © 2021 by IGI Global. All rights reserved.

Dexamethasone reduces AKI in critical COVID-19 patients

Background: More than 50% of severe COVID-19 patients develop acute kidney injury (AKI) and a high percentage of them will require renal replacement therapy (RRT). The aims of this study were to identify AKI prevalence and associated factors in patients with COVID-19 and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Methods: Prospective cohort analysis of all COVID-19 patients with IMV, admitted to our Institute in Mexico City (Mar 2020 -Jan 2021). AKI was defined according to KDIGO guidelines. Patients with CKD stages 4 or 5 were excluded. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and treatment variables were registered. AKI development was analyzed by uni-and multivariate logistic regression, mortality by survival analysis. Results: Of 552 COVID-19 patients, AKI was detected in 196 (35.5%). Among AKI;80 (40.8%) were Stage 2, and 116 (59.2%) Stage 3. The incidence of each AKI stage was lower in patients treated with dexamethasone (DEXA, Fig. 1A) and decreased the requirement of RRT (30 vs 16, p=0.05). For the multivariate analysis, AKI was grouped into no AKI/Stage1 and Stage 2/3 AKI;DEXA treatment was associated with less AKI incidence (OR 0.34, 95%CI 0.23-0.51) and lower mortality in the adjusted Cox-regression analysis (Fig. 1B). Conclusions: AKI is associated with increased mortality in COVID-19 patients with IMV. The use of DEXA is associated with lower AKI severity and lower mortality.

Community and hospital-acquired AKI in COVID-19

Background: AKI is a frequent complication of COVID-19. We describe characteristics of patients with COVID-19 who developed both, community-acquired AKI (CA-AKI) and hospital-acquired AKI (HA-AKI) in a Mexico City reference COVID-19 center. Methods: We included data from all consecutive patients hospitalized between March 16th - May 29th 2020, with pneumonia and positive SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR test. Only data from patients who finished follow-up (n=636) was analyzed. AKI was defined according to KDIGO and ESKD patients (n=6) were excluded. Clinical and demographic characteristics of those with CA-AKI, HA-AKI, and non-AKI were compared by nonparametric ANOVA. Results: Of 630 COVID-19, AKI was detected in 164 (26%), 81 (49%) CA-AKI, and 83 (51%) HA-AKI. Among AKI, 84 (51%) were Stage 1, 38 (23%) Stage 2, and 42 (26%) Stage 3. Stage 3 was more frequently observed in HA-AKI (p<0.001). RRT was provided to 15 (9.1%) at a median 3 days from diagnosis. Fluid overload was the main indication for RRT initiation. In general, AKI was associated with higher severity of COVID-19 evidenced by several risk scores, ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, and vasopressor therapy. Recovery from AKI was more frequent in the CA-AKI group 66% vs 44 % (p<0.001), and often associated to volume depletion reverted with fluid management. Among patients with AKI, 92 (56%) died, 49% in the CA-AKI vs. 63% in the HA-AKI group (p<0.001). There were no differences in RAAS inhibitor use between groups. Conclusions: CA-AKI and HA-AKI are frequent renal manifestations in COVID-19. AKI is associated with more severe COVID-19 and significantly higher mortality. Although more comorbidities were present in CA-AKI, outcomes were better for CAAKI vs. HA-AKI, in spite the latter group being younger, as it represents ICU patients with severe COVID-19 disease and associated multiorgan failure.

Defining COVID-19 outcomes in thoracic cancer patients: TERAVOLT (Thoracic cancERs international coVid 19 cOLlaboraTion)

Background: Patients with thoracic malignancies may have increased risk for COVID-19 mortality. This risk may be attributable to age, comorbidities, smoking history, pulmonary disease burden and cancer-directed therapies. Methods: TERAVOLT is a global consortium examining outcomes and assessing risk factors associated with mortality of patients with thoracic malignancies and COVID-19 infection. Results: As of July 15, 2020, 1012 patients from 20 countries have been entered;median age was 68 with 58 % male, 80% current/former smokers, most common comorbidities of HTN (49%) & COPD (26%);82% NSCLC, 68 % patients with stage IV disease at COVID diagnosis, 65% on treatment (38% chemotherapy, 26% immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI), 16 % targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). Of these, 72% were hospitalized;56% of patients developed complications, most frequently pneumonia (40%) and 47% who did not have prior oxygen therapy required it. 32% of patients died during their COVID-19 infection. Only 33 % of patients continued their oncology treatment after infection. Patients presenting with pneumonia (OR 2.7 2-3.5), consolidation (OR 2 CI 1,5-2,8), bilateral lung abnormalities (OR 2,8 CI 2-3,9) and pleural effusion (OR 2,7 CI 1,8-4) were at increased risk of mortality. In multivariate analysis age ≥ 65 (OR 1,53 CI 1,11-2,1), active smoking (OR 2 CI 1,3-3), higher stage of cancer (OR 1,9 CI 1,3-2,7), ECOG PS ≥2 (OR 3,7 CI 2,7-5), steroids prior to COVID diagnosis (OR 1,8 CI 1,2-2,7), were associated with increased risk of death, while chemotherapy and TKI therapy use were not and interestingly patients on immunotherapy appeared to be at decreased risk for mortality (OR 0,6 CI 0,5-0,97). Conclusions: Facing this ongoing global pandemic, TERAVOLT is the largest thoracic malignancy database confirming the high risk for COVID-19 mortality in this specific patient group. Physicians need to evaluate the risk of mortality from COVID-19 based on age, smoking status, stage of cancer, performance status, need for steroids and specific therapy in order to determine the appropriateness for cancer therapy and tailor patient care taking into account patients’ wishes and status of pandemic in the country. Legal entity responsible for the study: The authors. Funding: Has not received any funding. Disclosure: J. Baena Espinar: Advisory/Consultancy: AstraZeneca;Honoraria (self), Travel/Accommodation/Expenses: Angelini. F.R. Hirsch: Advisory/Consultancy: AstraZeneca;Advisory/Consultancy: BMS;Advisory/Consultancy: Merck;Advisory/Consultancy: Daiichi;Advisory/Consultancy: Genentech/Roche;Advisory/Consultancy: Lilly/Loxo;Advisory/Consultancy: Boehringer-Ingelheim. M. Tiseo: Honoraria (self), Speaker Bureau/Expert testimony, Research grant/Funding (institution): AstraZeneca;Advisory/Consultancy, Research grant/Funding (institution): Boehringer Ingelheim;Advisory/Consultancy: Novartis;Advisory/Consultancy: MSD;Advisory/Consultancy: BMS;Advisory/Consultancy: Takeda. E. Felip: Speaker Bureau/Expert testimony, Advisory role or Speaker's bureau: AbbVie;Speaker Bureau/Expert testimony, Advisory role or Speaker's bureau: AstraZeneca;Speaker Bureau/Expert testimony, Advisory role or Speaker's bureau: Blue Print Medicines;Advisory/Consultancy, Advisory role or speaker's bureau: Boehringer Ingelheim;Speaker Bureau/Expert testimony, Advisory role or Speaker's bureau: Bristol-Myers Squibb;Speaker Bureau/Expert testimony, Advisory role or Speaker's bureau: GSK;Advisory/Consultancy, Speaker Bureau/Expert testimony, Advisory role or Speaker's bureau: Eli Lilly;Advisory/Consultancy, Speaker Bureau/Expert testimony, Advisory role or Speaker's bureau: Guardant Health;Advisory/Consultancy, Speaker Bureau/Expert testimony, Advisory role or Speaker's bureau: Janssen;Advisory/Consultancy, Speaker Bureau/Expert testimony, Advisory role or Speaker's bureau: Medscape;Advisory/Consultancy, Speaker Bureau/Expert testimony, Advisory role or Speaker's bureau: Merck KGaA;Advisory/Consultancy, Speaker Bureau/Expert testimony, Advisory role or Spea er's bureau: Merck Sharp and Dohme;Advisory/Consultancy, Speaker Bureau/Expert testimony, Advisory role or Speaker's bureau: Novartis;Advisory/Consultancy, Speaker Bureau/Expert testimony, Advisory role or Speaker's bureau: Pfizer;Advisory/Consultancy, Speaker Bureau/Expert testimony, Advisory role or Speaker's bureau: prIME Oncology;Advisory/Consultancy, Speaker Bureau/Expert testimony, Advisory role or Speaker's bureau: Roche;Advisory/Consultancy, Speaker Bureau/Expert testimony, Advisory role or Speaker's bureau: Samsung;Advisory/Consultancy, Speaker Bureau/Expert testimony, Advisory role or Speaker's bureau: Springer;Advisory/Consultancy, Speaker Bureau/Expert testimony, Advisory role or Speaker's bureau: Takeda;Advisory/Consultancy, Advisory role or Speaker's bureau: Touchime;Research grant/Funding (self), Research Funding: Fundacion Merck Salud;Research grant/Funding (institution), Research Funding: Grant for Oncology Innovation;Full/Part-time employment, Board (Independent Member: Grifols Boards. H.A. Wakelee: Research grant/Funding (institution), Clinical Research grant: Gilead;Honoraria (self), Advisory/ Consultancy, advisor or consultant honoraria: AstraZeneca;Advisory/Consultancy, Research grant/Funding (institution), advisor or consultant, research: Xcovery;Advisory/Consultancy, advisor or consultant: Jassen;Advisory/Consultancy, advisor or consultant: Daiichi Sankyo, INC;Advisory/Consultancy, advisor or consultant: Helsinn;Advisory/Consultancy, advisor or consultant: Mirati;Advisory/Consultancy, advisor or consultant (not: Takeda;Advisory/Consultancy, advisor or consultant (not: Cellworks;Advisory/Consultancy, Research grant/Funding (institution), advisor or consultant (not: Genentech/Roche;Advisory/Consultancy, Research grant/Funding (institution), advisor or consultant (not: Merck;Travel/Accommodation/Expenses, CME presentation (travel funding): Clinical care options oncology, LLC;Travel/Accommodation/Expenses, CME presentation (travel funding): Fishawack facilitate LTD;Travel/Accommodation/Expenses, CME presentation (travel funding): Medscape;Travel/Accommodation/Expenses, CME presentation (travel funding): Onclive/intellisphere LLC;Travel/Accommodation/Expenses, CME presentation (travel funding): Philips Gillmore Oncology 2018;Travel/Accommodation/Expenses, CME presentation (travel funding): Physician education resource, LLC/MJH;Travel/Accommodation/Expenses, CME presentation (travel funding): Potomac center for medical education;Travel/Accommodation/Expenses, CME presentation (travel funding): Prime Oncology LLC (2018);Travel/Accommodation/Expenses, CME presentation (travel funding): Primo (2018);Travel/Accommodation/Expenses, CME presentation (travel funding): Research to practice;Travel/Accommodation/Expenses, CME presentation (travel funding): UpToDate;Travel/Accommodation/Expenses, CME presentation (travel funding): WebMdHealth;Honoraria (self), Research grant/Funding (institution), honoraria, research funding to: Novartis;Travel/Accommodation/Expenses, International professional society: RGCON- Rajiv gand conference;Travel/Accommodation/Expenses, International professional society: JLCS - japanese lung cancer society;Travel/Accommodation/Expenses, International professional society: KSMO - korean society of medical oncology;Full/Part-time employment, professor of medicine: Stanford university;Travel/Accommodation/Expenses, Scientific advisory committe - travel: ITMIG;Research grant/Funding (institution), research funding to institution: ACEA biosciences. M.C. Garassino: Honoraria (self): Boehringer Ingelheim;Honoraria (self), Local PI, Enrollment in clinical Trials in: Otsuka Pharma;Honoraria (self), Research grant/Funding (institution), PI, Enrollment and Steering: AstraZeneca;Honoraria (self), Research grant/Funding (institution), PI, Enrollment in clinical Trials in: Novartis;Honoraria (self), Research grant/Funding (institution), PI, Enrollment in clinical Trials in: BMS;Honoraria (self), Research grant/Funding (institution), PI, Enrollment in clinic l Trials in: Roche;Honoraria (self), Research grant/Funding (institution), PI, MISP in Thimic malignancies: Pfizer;Honoraria (self), Research grant/Funding (institution), PI, Enrollment in clinical Trials in: Celgene;Research grant/Funding (institution): Incyte;Research grant/Funding (institution): Inivata;Research grant/Funding (self): Takeda;Honoraria (self), PI, Enrollment in clinical Trials Thimic: Tiziana Sciences;Honoraria (self), PI, Enrollment in clinical Trials in: Clovis;Honoraria (self), PI, Enrollment in clinical Trials in: Merck Serono;Honoraria (self), Research grant/Funding (self), PI, Enrollment in clinical Trials in: Bayer;Honoraria (self), Research grant/Funding (institution), PI, Enrollment in clinical Trials in: MSD;Honoraria (self), Local PI, Enrollment and Steering: GlaxoSmithKline S.p.A.;Research grant/Funding (institution): Sanofi-Aventis;Honoraria (self), PI, Enrollment in clinical Trials: Spectrum Pharmaceutcials;Honoraria (self), PI, Enrollment in clinical Trials: Blueprint Medicine;Research grant/Funding (institution): Seattle Genetics;Research grant/Funding (institution): Daiichi Sankyo;Honoraria (self), PI, MISP in Thimic malignancies: Eli Lilly. S. Peters: Honoraria (self), Advisory/Consultancy, Advisory board + honorarium: AbbVie;Honoraria (self), Advisory/Consultancy, Advisory board + honorarium: Amgen;Honoraria (self), Advisory/Consultancy, Advisory board + honorarium: AstraZeneca;Honoraria (self), Advisory/Consultancy, Advisory board + honorarium: Bayer;Honoraria (self), Advisory/Consultancy, Advisory board + honorarium: Biocartis;Honoraria (self), Advisory/Consultancy, Advisory board + honorarium: Boehringer-Ingelheim;Honoraria (self), Advisory/Consultancy, Advisory board + honorarium: Bistrol-Myers Squibb;Honoraria (self), Advisory/Consultancy, Advisory board + honorarium:Clovis;Honoraria (self), Advisory/Consultancy, Advisory Board + honorarium: Daiichi Sankyo;Honoraria (self), Advisory/Consultancy, Advisory Board + honorarium: Debiopharm;Honoraria (self), Advisory/Consultancy, Advisory Board + honorarium: Eli Lilly;Honoraria (self), Advisory/Consultancy, Advisory Board + honorarium: F. Hoffmann-La Roche;Honoraria (self), Advisory/Consultancy, Advisory Board + honorarium: Foundation Medicine;Honoraria (self), Advisory/Consultancy, Advisory Board + honorarium: Illumina;Honoraria (self), Advisory/Consultancy, Advisory Board + honorarium: Janssen;Honoraria (self), Advisory/Consultancy, Advisory Board + honorarium: Merck Sharp and Dohme;Honoraria (self), Advisory/Consultancy, Advisory Board + honorarium: Merck Serono;Honoraria (self), Advisory/Consultancy, Advisory Board + honorarium: Merrimack;Honoraria (self), Advisory/Consultancy, Advisory Board + honorarium: Novartis;Honoraria (self), Advisory/Consultancy, Advisory Board + honorarium: Pharma Mar;Honoraria (self), Advisory/Consultancy, Advisory Board + honorarium: Pfizer;Honoraria (self), Advisory/Consultancy, Advisory Board + honorarium: Regeneron;Honoraria (self), Advisory/Consultancy, Advisory Board + honorarium: Sanofi;Honoraria (self), Advisory/Consultancy, Advisory Board + honorarium: Seattle Genetics and Takeda;Honoraria (self), Speaker Bureau/Expert testimony, Talk + honorarium: AstraZeneca;Honoraria (self), Speaker Bureau/Expert testimony, Talk + honorarium: Boehringer-Ingelheim;Honoraria (self), Speaker Bureau/Expert testimony, Talk + honorarium: Bristol-Myers Squibb;Honoraria (self), Speaker Bureau/Expert testimony, Talk + honorarium: Eli Lilly;Honoraria (self), Speaker Bureau/Expert testimony, Talk + honorarium: F. Hoffmann-La Roche;Honoraria (self), Speaker Bureau/Expert testimony, Talk + honorarium: Merck Sharp and Dohme. L. Horn: Advisory/Consultancy, Consulting: AstraZeneca;Advisory/Consultancy, Consulting: Genentech-Roche;Advisory/Consultancy, Consulting: Incyte;Advisory/Consultancy, Consulting: Merck;Advisory/Consultancy, Consulting: Pfizer;Advisory/Consultancy, Research grant/Funding (self), Travel/Accommodation/Expenses, Consulting and travel to meeting: Xcovery;dvisory/Consultancy, Consulting: EMD Serono;Advisory/Consultancy, Consulting: Tesaro;Advisory/Consultancy, Consulting: AbbVie;Research grant/Funding (self): Boehringer Ingelheim;Research grant/Funding (self), Travel/Accommodation/Expenses, Honorarium: BMS;Honoraria (self), Honorarium: Medscape;Honoraria (self), Honorarium: PER;Honoraria (self), Honorarium: Research to Practice;Honoraria (self), Honorarium: OncLive;Advisory/Consultancy, Consulting: Amgen;Advisory/Consultancy, Consulting: Bayer. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.